Psychology Movie Paper - Mary And Max. The Movie Mary

Psychology: Movie Paper - Mary and Max The movie Mary and Max is the story of an eight year old girl, named Mary, from Australia who doesn’t have any friends, and lives with her father and alcoholic mother. Max is a forty-four year old man from New York City, who is obese, has a disorder later revealed to be Aspergers, and also has no friends. They develop an unlikely friendship when Mary picks his name out of a phone book and decides to write him a letter asking him where babies come from. They become penpals and friends through many ups and downs in their lives, returning to each other for support and advice. This movie would make a wonderful study on Asperger s Syndrome alone, however it touches on many other psychological principles†¦show more content†¦Towards the end of the movie Mary finds herself stuck in a major depression. Max has stopped writing to her, effectively ending their friendship, both of her parents have died in a short span of time, and her husba nd left her. It is no surprise that with all of those negative events and losses that she experienced happening so close together that she would be depressed. Mary is also drinking alcohol heavily during this time. Alcohol is the most commonly used depressant and would only increase any negative emotions that a person is having. Mary’s depression could also be exasperated by her previous experiences with sadness and loss, leading her to have a form of learned helplessness, where she feels nothing she has done has gone right, so why should she try now. Damien, Mary’s husband, writes Mary a â€Å"Dear John† letter to leave her. In the letter he confesses that he has left her for his pen pal, a man in New Zealand. In this letter, Damien also professes his love and concern for Mary. This hints at Damien possibly being bisexual, meaning that he is attracted to both sexes. As Alfred Kinsey believed sexuality was fluid and your sexual orientation didn’t always c oincide with the particular notions of heterosexuality and homosexuality. It is also possible that Damien is a homosexual, meaning he is attracted to the same sex, but was hiding it and using Mary as his â€Å"beard†. It was shown in earlier scenes of the movie that Damien caredShow MoreRelatedManagement and Rolls Access Code14663 Words   |  59 PagesDescribe the important contributions made by Frederick W. Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. †¢ Explain how today’s managers use scientific management. General Administrative Theory †¢ Discuss Fayol’s contributions to management theory. †¢ Describe Max Weber’s contribution to management theory. †¢ Explain how today’s managers use general administrative theories of management. 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High School The Million Dollar Question - 1754 Words

Fresh out of high school the million dollar question is, â€Å"what do you want to be when you grow up?† A question that should be answered when you graduate high school but unfortunately many high school graduates are not prepared for the career world as they should be. With no idea in what they want to major in and convinced that high school isn’t a big deal. That all you have to do is get good grades and that college will be the same thing. However it is not, high school should be the time students start preparing to decide on a major, if they do not they will stumble over what classes to choose. Without a strategy, undecided students are particularly at risk for dropping out because they struggle to decide on a major and they never fully engage with their chosen major. This may lead to students changing majors and cause them to exceed the necessary credit to graduate. To address this problem undecided students will need to go out of their way and explore the many di fferent career choices. In addition they need support from high schools, colleges, and the legislature, with their aid undecided students will hopefully be less of a problem in the future. Part 1: The Problem As a student, I myself struggle with being undeclared I can recall back in elementary school on career day they would ask us what we wanted to be when we grow up. My answered ranged from astronaut, doctor, author and I even remember saying I wanted to be a bird. Growing up I’ve discovered that my choicesShow MoreRelatedResearch Paper On College Athletes1740 Words   |  7 Pagesthing that has always been most interesting to me is sports. I have grown up around sports my entire life and have always stayed active in following it. Over the past few years, there has been a question that has lingered over the sports world and caused a significant amount of controversy. 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Mr.michael Free Essays

What are the advantages and disadvantages of living alone? How can living alone or living with other people affect your mood or behavior? Is living alone something that Is appropriate for you? Why or why not? The advantages of living alone are that you feel more comfortable being dependent on yourself, no sense of control, and free. You can do whatever and however you want, keep things in the order you want, and no one will judge you. For example, ear anything you want, watch your favorite channel and listen to music as loud as you wish, and no one will complain about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Mr.michael or any similar topic only for you Order Now The disadvantage of living alone is that it gets depressing from time to time. Having a partner or a roommate is really helpful in many situations. One of the examples, if you fall ill there will be someone who will take care of you. Another example is that you will have company when watching TV, cooking food, or dinning together. But, there are different types of people, some refer living alone and it doesn’t get boring or depressing for them, others like to live with someone and feel comfortable with it. People who live alone tend to be more angry, lonely and depressed. Therefore, their mood is not always good. People who live with other people most of the times would be happy. This is because there is always someone they can chat with, discuss, and be around with. Living alone for me is appropriate, for now. I think that Is because now Is the stage in my life, where I need to live alone for a bit. Learn how to be dependent on myself, be responsible for the actions I do, and feel free. Mr.. Michael By mushy DO. Write What are the advantages and disadvantages of living alone? How can living alone or living with other people affect your mood or behavior? Is living alone something that is appropriate for you? Why or why not? Want, keep things in the order you want, and no one will Judge you. For example, Living alone for me is appropriate, for now. I think that is because now is the stage. How to cite Mr.michael, Papers

Artificial Intelligence and Its Threats in Humanity

Question: Discuss about theArtificial Intelligence and Its Threats in Humanity. Answer: Introduction: Artificial Intelligence and its Threats to Humanity Ever since its conceptualization, Artificial Intelligence research has explored a variety of problems and approaches and all problems such problems are direct impacts on the humanity. By far the greatest danger of Artificial Intelligence is that people conclude too early that they understand it. However, success in the quest for artificial intelligence has the potential to bring unprecedented benefits to humanity, and it is, therefore, worthwhile to investigate whether AI has the potentially to improve the conditions of humanity and ensure that it remains robust and beneficial, or it is a threat to humanity. Thesis Statement: The assignment deals with whether the artificial intelligence is responsible for the robust growth of the humanity or it makes the human redundant at work. Discussion: Claim 1: Positive Implications of Development in Artificial Intelligence There are several people finds that AI will kill the humanity if it becomes part of peoples daily lives but deeply presumed that it will become smarter than human minds and make them redundant at work. On the contrary, Oxford philosopher Nick Bostrom discusses several doomsdays scenarios in his book of Super intelligence. He said that the AI might felt its presence in the all of the earths surface with nuclear reactors, solar panels, supercomputing facilities with protruding cooling towers, launchers of space rocket, or other installations. This book, thus, claims that AI has the enough potentiality to maximize the long-term cumulative realization of its values. However, the philosopher warns that Before the prospects of intelligence explosion, we humans are like small children playing with a bomb. On the contrast, there are many counterparty arguments have been made that against the unexpected intelligence explosions, mainly taken care of the technical limitations and logics. For in stance, sci-fi writer Ramez Naam discussed in his essay for H+ magazine that there is need some time and resources for inventing human destroying technologies even if people have the super intelligent mind an thus, it needs to be contributed to the human economy to obtain what it needed. Developing faster chips, for example, requires not just new designs but its needed to build chip fabrication foundries. There is another counterargument to be made based on the ethical and philosophical manner. The benefits of humanity are completely depends on the humans interest and fight off human resistance. In other words, it is completely an independent action. In other sense, the argument said that AI lives with rewards and punishments including punishments from us for behaving badly. Thus, this can be observed by many intelligent agents that a promising Artificial Intelligence will have to develop a humanlike moral sense to stay in the world of dominated by humans and need to be judged whether the activities delivered with the help of AI is right or wrong. By the time it is in a position to imagine tiling the Earth with solar panels, it will know that the application of AI would be morally wrong to do so. Claim 2: Robots Could Wipe Out Humanity by Accident The article anticipates that the machines could deliberately wipe out the human race or do so by accidently because the application of Artificial Intelligence is completely instruction-driven and communication-friendly[1]. Therefore, there is a high chance of machine could accidently misinterpreting an instruction, because the language is understated. Speaking at a debate on artificial intelligence in Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University, that all the tasks done by AI are followed a specific set of instructions. The parameters of artificial intelligence are drawn with an objective for solving problems about optimization problem[2]. Moreover, the advent of artificial intelligence provided the framework for transferring the problems solving approach onto A.I who in turn are burdened with sol, regarding solving problems which are beyond the realm of existing research. Moreover, AI is not fed with a sense of moral principles and is developed in a manner that solves optimizat ion issues. Thereby, instances can come where solving a problem requires extinction of humans, thereby bereft of any morality or sense of right and wrong the AI can infect turn on human beings and other species and do harm to them in order to mitigate any problem solving issues. It is not irrational to expect robots to realize that the skills it possesses regarding analytical and quantitative competence are beyond the realm of average humans, thereby a dictatorial tendency may occur amongst the AIs. There are some arguments that extent of artificial intelligence threatening people will stop taking jobs or being used by people against other people rather than machine taking a life of their own and increasing to gain power [3]. Violence is not the singular threat posed by artificial intelligence[4]. There are several others threats have been identified which could negatively impact on humanity. There are different ways AI could violate the level of privacy of the humanity. For instance, the facial recognition system of Facebook is criticized for breaching the human privacy. This system can recognize an individual in photos, and that informs the tagging recommendation of Facebook with the help of Artificial Intelligence. Furthermore, the system also recognized peoples traits, such as how the clothes that they wear or how people stand and so on. However, there is a fear that if this kind of technology is implemented into things like a system of security, this could be treated as privacy minefield. Claim 3: Artificial Intelligence does not Stimulate the Human Behavior: There are several areas of specialization of Artificial Intelligence from programming computers which help to take decisions in real-life situations and play games against humans, natural human languages developed by computers, system that stimulates intelligence and robotics. However, the problem exists mainly in the area of the human behavior because computers are not capable of comprehensively stimulating the behavior of human[5]. In the recent development phase in the world of intelligent that the systems of computers are now extensively used in assembly plants. However, the world of robotics are hardly identified the objects depending on appearance or feet, and they are still moving and hold objects awkwardly. While the application of the AI at the time of using it in voice recognition software, allows the computer to convert spoken sounds to another, they even do not understand what they are doing. This has been anticipated that the Artificial Intelligence has the limited usage in the area of the Medicine and Engineering which are very expensive. However, the artificial intelligence has increasingly become more science and less fiction [6]. For instance, Google is one company who is investing in the technology of artificial intelligence to develop driverless cars. On the other hand, Toyota has partnered with Stanford University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for the application of robotics and intelligent vehicles. The emerging applications of AI by the several companies, it is completely contradict the theme of this assignment. The glowing application of Artificial Intelligence is only inevitable that these systems are bound to become part of humans daily life. Conclusion: After evaluating all three claims, this can be concluded that AI has enough potential to increase the human facilities. Several companies are already acknowledged that the application of AI has the capabilities to contribute in the daily life of the people. However the applications often face many obligations due to expensive invention process. Furthermore, the human instructions are often misinterpreted by the robotics and thus, the theme of the assignment is still in controversies. References: Expert Claims Intelligent Robots Could Wipe Out Humanity(2015) Mail Online https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3143275/Artificial-intelligence-real-threat-robots-wipe-humanity-Accident-claims-expert.html Gurkaynak, Gonenc, Ilay Yilmaz and Gunes Haksever, "Stifling Artificial Intelligence: Human Perils" [2016]Computer Law Security Review Is Artificial Intelligence Really A Threat To Humanity?(2015) Tech Times https://www.techtimes.com/articles/80029/20150828/artificial-intelligence-really-threat-humanity.htm Parkes, D. C. and M. P. Wellman, "Economic Reasoning And Artificial Intelligence" (2015) 349Science The Philosophical Argument Against A.I. Killing Us All (2016) Slate Magazine https://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2016/04/the_philosophical_argument_against_artificial_intelligence_killing_us_all.html

What the difference is between strict and broad co Essay Example For Students

What the difference is between strict and broad co Essay nstructionismIt was 1800, when vice president Jefferson succeeded Adams in the role of president. Jefferson stressed republican virtues of independence and equality and his belief in a frugal government. With his inauguration, the transfer of power to the Republican from the Federalists intensified a political conflict between the two political parties. Even though Jefferson stated in his inaugural address that â€Å"we are all Republicans, we are all Federalists,† the Federalists and Republicans continued to doubt each other, especially on the issue of the Constitution. With Jefferson leading the way, Republicans took on the position of a strict interpretation of the Constitution, which did not allow the federal government to take any action that was not specifically addressed by the Constitution. The Federalists, however, advocated by the ideas of Hamilton, remained steadfast to the approach of broad interpretation, which permitted the government to do anything, not expressl y prohibited by the Constitution. However, both parties were quick to stray to their political ideologies. Republicans and Federalists adhered to their bureaucratic philosophies in political addresses and speeches, yet both parties varied with cause, straying from their own civic principles. In various political addresses, Jefferson was seen as inseparable with strict interpretation and a contender for state rights. He tried to affirm the belief that domestic policies should be decided by the states and fears that the Federalists will change the Constitution (docum. A). By the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions, Jefferson and Madison asserted that states were the foundation of the nation and therefore had supreme power. The federal government had no right to exercise powers not delegated to it by the Constitution. Jefferson also remained unwavering to strict construction by declaring that the states had the power to determine the matters of religion and not the federal government (do cum.B) Madison asserted his contribution to Republicans by vetoing the Internal Improvements Bill, a proposal that would allow Congress to make changes in the Constitution (docum. H) On the other hand, Jefferson seemed to favor loose construction and believer of a strong federal government on notable occasions. The Louisiana Purchase was one of the circumstances, where Jefferson was on the side of the Federalist’s loose construction. On April 30, Monroe and Livingston signed the Louisiana Purchase with France, acquiring 827,000 square miles of land for 15 million dollars. However, the Constitution did not authorize the president to acquire new territory and incorporate it into the nation. Jefferson proposed a constitutional amendment to allow the purchase, stating that he was exercising the president’s implied powers to protect the nation. Furthermore was the embargo act, which was intended to prevent confrontation between American merchant ships and British and French warships, but was not clearly authorized in the Constitution, turning Jefferson into a broad constructionist (docum. C). The embargo punished Britain and France, but ended up hurting the United States, especially New England. There was also the Tariff of 1816, which levied taxes on imported woolens, cottons, and iron, in effect raising their prices in the United States. According to Republican John Randolph, the revenue-raising tariff was not outlined in the Constitution and violated Republican ideologies (docum. F). We will write a custom essay on What the difference is between strict and broad co specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now On the other side of the debate were the Federalists. They loosely interpreted the Constitution, stating that they had the action to do anything, not specifically prohibited in the Constitution. Their broad construction of the Constitution was seen in many court cases, which were supervised by Chief Justice John Marshall. In the case of Marbury vs. Madison, the Supreme Court exercised the power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional and the principle on which Marshall justified his decision was set forth in The Federalist. As for the case of McCulloch vs. Maryland, gave implied powers in the hands of the national government and laid down principles limiting the rights of states. Dartmouth College vs. Woodward, also exhibited Federalists’ ideologies, by declaring that the charter of Dartmouth (a private corporation) was a contract and inviolable by state authority. .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .postImageUrl , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:hover , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:visited , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:active { border:0!important; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:active , .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942 .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf8b2c8e9c02b739bd7aa863a758b7942:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Summation of Pride-Related Occurrences in The St EssayHowever, like the Republicans, Federalists strayed from their civic views on various incidents. They opposed the embargo act, mainly because they were pro-British. The embargo act caused New England, the power base of Federalists, to downfall into economic depression, because the shipping industry collapsed as exports fell by 80%. The New England states then demanded that the government remove its authority to impose embargoes (docum. E). In the Hartford, they wanted to restrict the presidency to one term and required a two-thirds congressional vote to admit new states to the Union (docum. E). Federalists also disappr oved of the War of 1812. They claimed it as a Republican war—Mr.Madison’s War. They thought it was unconstitutional to draft people away from state militia (docum.D) . Madison responded with the â€Å"elastic clause,† which allowed Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers. Both men (Jefferson and Madison) as well as both parties were steadfast to their views of interpretation in words, but when it came to action, they strayed from their political conceptions about the Constitution. Both political figures reinstated time after time that the nation rested solely on the states, but when the time came, with it was the second war with Britain or the trade with France, the two men broke from strict constructionism, in order to serve the public interest. In general, both presidents took the views of either party when it suited him best. Bibliography:

The doctrine of notice belongs to the history books and has little significance for purchasers of land today Essay Example

The doctrine of notice belongs to the history books and has little significance for purchasers of land today Essay Example The doctrine of notice belongs to the history books and has little significance for purchasers of land today Essay The doctrine of notice belongs to the history books and has little significance for purchasers of land today Essay Essay Topic: A Long Way Gone Law This is a question about the doctrine of notice or, the purchaser known as equitys darling (as they are sometimes referred to). In order to critically evaluate the validity of the view expressed by the writer in the question, it is will be necessary to: a) understand the doctrine of notice and its historical development and, b) determine whether the current position of the law and the applicability of the doctrine of notice is pertinent for purchasers of land today. In addition to these elements, it will also be necessary to factor in some understanding of the way that land is registered in the United Kingdom, as well as the problems incurred through that land which remains unregistered and how various attempts (through statute) over the years have tried to tackle this problem. It is from these, that the doctrine of notice has its very origins. It is naturally of some considerable importance to apprise the different types of equitable interests in real property as it these which purchasers of land are interested in and, moreover, how to protect those interests. Determining exactly what ones interests in real property are however, is more difficult than at first it might seem, and therefore an understanding of precisely how equitable interests are formulated, listed, charged and notified is essential. Finally, a passing acquaintance with where the law is likely to go in the future with hints at bills and up-and-coming statutes will help in our overall understanding of the issue. Argument The German philosopher, George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) once famously said: The only thing we learn from history is that we never learn from history1. This undoubtedly holds true for the natural course of human nature often so quick to condemn things to the past when they no longer seem applicable; such is the case with the doctrine of notice. A doctrine is a belief, a system of beliefs or a fundamental principle that is accepted as authoritative by a person or a group of people2. To have notice of something is to be aware that it exists3. In relation to property law in particular, the idea of giving notice is therefore usually associated with a burden on the title, i.e. generally, there will be equitable interest(s) associated with that title for which the owner (or future purchaser) of the title requires (or would at least like to have) notification of. An equitable interest is a right in personam [Latin: directed towards a particular person] which can enforced, if considered fair. On the surface, this would seem to be a sensible and indeed desirable set of circumstances from which both the owner of the title or any future purchaser of that title could benefit; after all, is it not the case that as much information as possible is a good thing when one is dealing with the purchase of land? Therefore, by definition, the doctrine of notice is an accepted authority whereby information is (or should be) given to the owner of a title in land (or the future owner of that title) of any equitable interest(s) that may be associated with that title. When we are talking about unregistered land, historically the purchaser was always bound by legal estates and interests in the land this comes from the Latin in rem, a term describing the power a court may exercise over property, either real or personal. However, when buying unregistered land, the title the purchaser obtains is essentially only ever as good as that which the vendor has: Nemo Dat Quad Non Habet One cannot give what one does not have! The problem in land law is to achieve a balance between the interests of a purchaser on the one hand (in the broad definition of the Law of Property Act 1925 [s.1(3)]4 including a lessee and a mortgagee), and those of the owner of an equitable interest in the land on the other hand5. The modern day perception of the doctrine of notice has its roots in the ancient idea of equitys darling, which has become known as the bone fide purchaser rule, or a bone fide purchaser for value without notice, actual, constructive or imputed. This is a term used in the law of real property to refer to an innocent party who purchases property without being given (any or all) notification of third party claims that may exist in relation to the title in that property. Such a person must acquire the title to that property bona fide [Latin: In good faith], and have purchased it for actual consideration in economic terms i.e. for money, rather than as a beneficiary of a gift or a trust (which would be nominal consideration). Indeed, James LJ stated6 that the plea of purchase for valuable consideration without notice was an absolute, unqualified, unanswerable defence7. Equitys darling may well have been originally designed to promote the ideas of substantive justice; but in reality, and to use an equally revered metaphor of Trust Law, she was very much moneys mistress'8. In other words, the doctrine of notice was developed to ensure that the owner of the legal title would be aware of all the equitable interests associated with that title, thereby not becoming encumbered by them, and that it was in the interests of both contracting parties (seller and buyer) that notification of such equitable interests be given. Such was the aim of the Land Charges Act 19259. This is a very important consideration in law because, if such a person purchased a property free of those interests, and, more importantly, can show that they were genuinely unaware of any third-party interests in the land, then those third party equitable interests are effectively extinguished. This leaves the erstwhile owners of such interests with only one course of action left open to them an action in court against whoever granted them the equitable rights in the first place (which in itself can often prove complicated, as equitable interests such as easements, rights, privileges, co-ownership interests10, lodgers and joint tenants11 etc., are often granted as part of a beneficiary e.g., such as in a will. The person(s) who granted these interests may in fact be deceased!). There are a couple of exceptions worthy of note: a) if the equitable interest(s) in question have been entered on the Land Charges Register12, then they will bind a future purchaser with or without notice having been given, and, b) if the purchaser has received constructive notice of the equitable interest(s) prior to the purchase then a court will usually deem that person to have received notice of all such equitable interest(s) (basically, they knew that third party(s) had equitable interest(s) in the land, but chose to ignore them, or, pretended not to have knowledge of them at all). This second exception however, can work in both directions of course if a potential purchaser of real property decides not to bother looking into the details of any equitable interest(s) (should they exist), and later discovers after having purchased the property that such interest(s) do in fact exist, then they have no recourse open to them13 caveat emptor (another property law doctrine from ancient times) let the buyer beware! One very valid criticism of the Land Charges Act system is that because registration is the sole criterion of whether an interest is binding or not [LCA1972 s.4]14, it may operate unfairly i.e. its provisions may be used to deliberately evade interests of which a purchaser has actual knowledge15 (Midland Bank Trust Co. v Green [1981] AC 583)16. The doctrine of notice applied therefore to the enforceability of all sales of real property until the introduction of the Land Registration Act 1925. This act defined a simple list (LRA1925 s.70(1)) of accepted liability of registered land to overriding interests [i.e. when a person buys a legal estate in land which has a registered title, that person would not be bound by any third-party interests in that land unless they were entered on the Land Register, or, were deemed to be overriding]17. The LRA1925 has now been repealed and replaced with the Land Registration Act 2002, which came into force on 13 October 200318. Intended to simplify and modernise the law of land registration, the LRA2002 still retains overriding interests (although they are now referred to as unregistered interests that override, but also removed the relatively simple definitions found in the old s.70(1) of LRA1925 and replaced it with two statutory Schedules19, one of which (Schedule 3) might well have been written in part by a monkey with a typewriter. Paragraph 3 of the new Schedule 3, on easements, is almost unintelligible unless one knows beforehand what it is supposed to mean20. One could be forgiven for being critical at this point in saying that this hardly looks like being a form of simplification, and yet, this is because some of the changes in LRA2002 are very subtle indeed: Firstly, the wording of Schedule 1(2) and Schedule 3(2) so far as relating to land of which he is in actual occupation has been inserted to remove the effects of Ferrishurst Ltd v Wallcite Ltd21. In that case the Court of Appeal was faced with the interpretation of LRA1925 s.70(1)(g) and questions raised concerning the exigibility22 or durability of property interests which allowed actual occupation to be enforced against the entire title, rather than the land actually occupied [Controversially, the Court of Appeal ruled that as the option to purchase was over the entire title, the claimant could exercise it over the entire title even though only in occupation of part of the land]. Secondly, there is now a duty on the transferee of a registered title to disclose third party interest(s) affecting the estate (when they apply to be the new registered proprietor) [LRA2002 s.71]; failure to do so does not however render the interest(s) invalid, and in such a case will continue to bind the new owner if the interest(s) qualify under LRA2002 Schedule 3 (although, even some of these so-called sunset interests will lose their overriding status 10 years after the Schedule entered force)23. Thirdly, it was the undoubted intention of the statute makers of LCA1972 and LRA2002 to work towards the implementation of a more coherent system of land registration one in which all the records of equitable interests, the various charges and other rights held in the land could be made readily available, easily and quickly, thereby aiding the sale and disposition of land. To that end, LRA2002 introduced the possibility of electronic conveyancing (LRA2002 s.91)24, and although the act does have the provision within it for DIY conveyancing through electronic means, we are still some way off e-register terminals at Tesco25. Perhaps my greatest criticism of LRA2002 however, is that it could have gone so much further towards enforcing the registration of unregistered land and did not do so. For that to happen, we must all wait for the next big thing in land law legislation. Conclusion So, where does all that leave us today? Well, in my opinion, the views of the author in the statement are at the very least, far too broad, and, at worst, completely incorrect. It is true to say that, were all the land in the United Kingdom safely entered as part of the Land Registry, then the doctrine of notice would serve little purpose. However, the stark fact of the matter is that as of 2007, only 85% of the land in the United Kingdom is registered which of course still leaves a staggering 15% of land unregistered (some 14,200 square miles!)26. Of course, all that unregistered land is not in one place. We are talking about small patches of land here and there, dotted all over the place (which, none the less, adds up to an area somewhat larger than the Kingdom of Belgium!). The question consequently, must hinge on whether there is any likelihood of this land ever becoming registered, thus rendering the said doctrine obsolete. This is harder to predict than at first it might seem. As I have already pointed out, the definitive aim of the statute-makers of 1925, 1936, 1969, 1972, 1986, 1988, 1997 and 2002, was to see all land in the United Kingdom entered on the Land Register; but efforts in earlier times27 to co-ordinate a system of land registration had proved just as ineffective as those of the 20th and 21st Century. Therefore, unless some extraordinarily sweeping piece of legislation is brought into law at some point in the future legislation which would enforces the registration of all the 14,200 square miles of currently unregistered land then the obvious conclusion must remain that the doctrine of notice cannot, and indeed should not [yet] be consigned to the history books. It may only serve a limited and rapidly diminishing purpose, but for those who still rely on equitys darling, it is a vital piece of British law.

Research paper summary Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Summary - Research Paper Example The unstable alpha chains develop insoluble inclusions that occur within the bone marrow thus reducing the chances of development and survival of red blood cells. Therefore, the results of this research would assist to determine whether or not patients suffering from beta-Thalassemia could be assisted health wise by oxygenating their Red Blood Cells. Patients of one Thalassemic Unit from the selected hospital of the study were engaged in this research. The patients were persons attending regular transfusion units; all the patients involved in the study were persons attending Chelation therapies. However, those that were experiencing certain challenges associated with respiratory of cardiac problems were not involved in the study. The consent of all the patients involved in the study was sought before engaging them in the experiment. The data gathered was analyzed statistically. The Wilcoxon’s test was applied to analyze the collected data. This was specifically performed on paired data coupled with the application of Repeated Measures of Analysis of Covariance by using the SPSS 13.0 version. The analysis also involved the evaluation of Normality of Distribution for the continuous variables. Appropriate performance of linear regression was also involved in the data analysis process. The results findings of the study indicated that tissue oxygen saturation increased significantly after the Red Blood Cells transfusion as compared to the baseline, which was at 88% while against 90%. The consumption of oxygen among patients with beta Thalassemic conditions did not exhibit any significant change after the transfusion. The repeated measures of ANCOVA also indicated that increasing hemoglobin through transfusion of Red Blood Cells facilitates the increase of saturated tissue oxygen. These findings are related to the conclusion